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References: Ecolabels in tourism

Acott, T.G., La Trobe, H.L. & Howard, S.H. 1998. An Evaluation of Deep Ecotourism and Shallow Ecotourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. Vol. 6, No. 3, 238-253.

African Wildlife. 2003. Keeping the flag flying! Wildlife and Environment Society of South Africa (WESSA). Vol 57. No. 4, 10-11.

Bendell, J. & Font, X. 2004. Which tourism rules? Green standards and GATS, Annals of Tourism Research. Vol. 31, Issue 1, 139-156.

Buckley, R.C. 2001. Major Issues in Tourism Ecolabelling. In Font, X. & Buckley, R.C. (Eds). Tourism Ecolabelling: Certification and Promotion of Sustainable Management. London: CABI Publishing. 19-26.

Buckley, R.C. 2002. Tourism Ecolabels. Annals of Tourism Research. Vol. 29, No. 1, 183-208.

Burger, L.F. 1999. Progressive Environmental Management and Sustainable Competitive Advantage Strategy in the SADC Tourism Industry. Unpublished MBA dissertation. Cape Town: University of Cape Town, 53p.

Burger, L.F. 2004. Managing Director of Environmental Resource Management (ERM) South Africa. Personal communication, 23 February.

Chester, G., Crabtree, A., Hundloe, T. & Lee, T. 2002. Setting a worldwide standard for ecotourism. Draft report for comment. Ecotourism Association of Australia and the Co-operative Research Centre for Sustainable Tourism of Australia, May.

Crabtree, A., O’Reilly, P. & Worboys, G. 2002. Setting a worldwide standard for ecotourism. Paper presented to the World Ecotourism Summit, Quèbec, Canada.

Crabtree, A. 2003. Ecotourism Certification. Planeta.com. [Online]. Available: http://www.planeta.com/ecotravel/tour/marketingcert.html. 5 December.

Diamantis, D. & Westlake, J. 2001. Ecolabelling in the Context of Sustainable Tourism and Ecotourism. In Font, X. & Buckley, R.C. (Eds). Tourism Ecolabelling: Certification and Promotion of Sustainable Management. London: CABI Publishing. 27-40.

Epler Wood, M. & Halpenny, E.A. 2001. Ecotourism Certification and Evaluation: Progress and Prospects. In Font, X. & Buckley, R.C. (Eds). Tourism Ecolabelling: Certification and Promotion of Sustainable Management. London: CABI Publishing. 121-140.

Epler Wood , M. 2003. Ecotourism Certification. Planeta.com. [Online]. Available: http://www.planeta.com/ecotravel/tour/certification.html. 5 December.

Fair Trade in Tourism South Africa (FTTSA). 2003a. [Online]. Available: http://www.fairtourismsa.org.za/. 1 February 2004.

Fair Trade in Tourism South Africa (FTTSA). 2003b. Trademark Users’ Guide. [Online]. Available: http://www.fairtourismsa.org.za/trademark/TrademarkUsersGuide26-02-03.pdf. 1 February 2004.

Flores, M. 2002. Environmental Certification and the Least Developed Countries. Let’s give them a chance! Statement presented to the World Ecotourism Summit, Quèbec, Canada. [Online]. Available: http://www.world-tourism.org/sustainable/IYE/quebec/cd/statmnts/pdfs/flbrae.pdf. 15 December 2003.

Font, X. 2002. Environmental certification in tourism and hospitality: progress, process and prospects. Tourism Management. No. 23, 197-205.

Font, X. 2003. Labelling & Certification: Benefits & Challenges for Sustainable Tourism Management & Marketing. International Ecotourism Monthly. Year 5, Issue 50, July. Ecoclub. [Online]. Available: http://ecoclub.com/news/050/expert.html#1. 5 December 2003.

Font, X. 2004. Sustainability standards in the global economy. In Theobald, W. (Ed). Global Tourism. Third Edition. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.

Font, X. & Harris, C. 2004. Rethinking labels: from green to sustainable. Unpublished paper submitted to the Annals of Tourism Research for review.

Font, X. & Tribe, J. 2001. The Process of Developing an Ecolabel. In Font, X. & Buckley, R.C. (Eds). Tourism Ecolabelling: Certification and Promotion of Sustainable Management. London: CABI Publishing. 87-104.

Forsyth, T. 1997. Environmental responsibility and business regulation: the case of sustainable tourism. The Geographical Journal. January.

Global Ecolabelling Network (GEN). 1999. What is Ecolabelling?. [Online]. Available: http://www.gen.gr.jp/eco.html. 23 November 2003.

Hattingh, J.P. 2002. Conceptualizing ecological sustainability and ecologically sustainable development in ethical terms: issues and challenges. Annale 2001/2. University of Stellenbosch, 22p.

Honey, M. 1999. Ecotourism and Sustainable Development: Who Owns Paradise? Washington D.C.: Island Press. 405p.

Honey, M. 2001. Setting Standards: Certification Programs in the Tourism Industry. The International Ecotourism Society Newsletter. First and Second Quarters.

Honey, M. 2003. Protecting Eden: Setting Green Standards for the Tourism Industry. Environment. Vol. 45, Issue 6, July/August, 8-21.

Honey, M & Rome, A. 2001. Protecting Paradise: Certification Programs for Sustainable Tourism and Ecotourism. Report for the Center on Ecotourism and Sustainable Development, October, 83p. [Online]. Available: http://www.ips-dc.org/ecotourism/protectingparadise/index.htm. 20 November 2003.

Hunter, C. 2002. Aspects of the sustainable tourism debate from a natural resources perspective. In Harris, R., Griffin, T. & Williams, P. (Eds). Sustainable Tourism: A Global Perspective. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.

Kepher-Gona, J. 2004. Executive Officer, The Ecotourism Society of Kenya (ESOK). Personal communication, 12 February.

Koch, E., Massyn, P.J. & Spenceley, A. 2002. Getting started: the experiences of South Africa and Kenya. In Honey, M. (Ed). Ecotourism and Certification: setting standards in practice. Washington D.C.: Island Press, 237-264.

Lübbert, C. 2001. Tourism Ecolabels Market Research in Germany. In Font, X. & Buckley, R.C. (Eds). Tourism Ecolabelling: Certification and Promotion of Sustainable Management. London: CABI Publishing. 71-86.

Maccarrone-Eaglen, A. & Font, X. 2002a. Sustainable Tourism Stewardship Council Feasibility Consultation of World Tourism Organization (WTO) Government Members: Reports and Results. Presented to the Rainforest Alliance and the WTO. Leeds: Leeds Metropolitan University. July, 47p.

Maccarone-Eaglen, A. & Font, X. 2002b. Ecotourism certification and accreditation. Some effects on the private sector. Paper presented at the Ecotourism Congress, Centre de Biodiversitat, Andorra, 17 July. [Online]. Available: http://www.iea.ad/cbd/congres/cima02/agata maccarrone.pdf. 20 December 2004.

Marengo, M. 2002. The Challenge of Regulating Ecotourism in a Small Island Developing State: Seychelles’ “Vision 21”. Statement presented to the World Ecotourism Summit, Quèbec, Canada. [Online]. Available: http://www.world-tourism.org/sustainable/IYE/quebec/cd/statmnts/pdfs/maseye.pdf. 15 December 2003.

McLaren, F.T. 2002. A Strategic Overview of Ecotourism Accreditation and Certification: The Road Forward. [Online]. Available: http://world-tourism.org/sustainable/IYE/Regional_Activities/Brazil/cases/TIES.htm. 21 December 2003.

McManus, G. 2004. Managing Director of Qualitour. Personal communication. 12 February.

Middleton, V.T.C. & Hawkins, R. 1998. Sustainable Tourism: A Marketing Perspective. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.

Mihalic, T. 2001. Environmental Behaviour Implications for Tourist Destinations and Ecolabels. In Font, X. & Buckley, R.C. (Eds). Tourism Ecolabelling: Certification and Promotion of Sustainable Management. London: CABI Publishing. 57-70.

Mohonk Agreement. (2000). Mohonk Agreement: An agreed framework and principles for the certification of ecotourism and sustainable tourism. [Online]. Available: http://www.ips-dc.org/ecotourism/mohonkagreement.htm. 20 December 2003.

Mowforth, M. & Munt, I, 1998. Tourism and Sustainability: New tourism in the Third World. London: Routledge.

Mowforth, M. & Munt, I, 2003. Tourism and Sustainability: New tourism in the Third World. Second Edition. London: Routledge, 338p.

Orams, M.B. 1995. Towards a more desirable form of ecotourism. Tourism Management. Vol. 16, No. 1, 3-8.

Perez-Salom, J-R. 2001. Sustainable Tourism: Emerging Global and Regional Regulation. Georgetown International Environmental Law Review. Vol. 13, Issue 4.

Petropolous, A. 2003. On certification, harmonisation and other exports. Ecoclub International Ecotourism Monthly. Year 4, Issue 47, April. [Online]. Available: http://ecoclub.com/news/47/index.html. 25 November 2003.

Pieterse, G.H. 2003. Ecolabelling at Lodges in South Africa. Unpublished M.Sc (International Hospitality Management) dissertation. Brig, Switzerland: University Center “César Ritz”, 93p.

Planeta.com. 2003. Ethical Marketing of Tourism Conference. [Online]. Available: http://www.planeta.com/ecotravel/tour/marketingcert.html. 5 January 2004.

Porter, M.E. 1985. Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. New York: The Free Press.

Porter, M.E. & Van der Linde, C. 1995. Green and competitive: Ending the Stalemate. Harvard Business Review. September.

Republic of South Africa. 2002. National Responsible Tourism Development Guidelines for South Africa. Provisional Guidelines, March. Pretoria: Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism.

Republic of South Africa. 2003. Responsible Tourism Handbook: A Guide to Good Practice for Tourism Operators. Pretoria: Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism.

Sallows, M. & Font, X. 2004. Ecotourism certification criteria and procedures: implications for ecotourism planning and environmental management. In Diamantis, D. (Ed). Ecotourism management and assessment. London: Thomson.

Sasidharan, V. & Font, X. 2001. Pitfalls of Ecolabelling. In Font, X. & Buckley, R.C. (Eds). Tourism Ecolabelling: Certification and Promotion of Sustainable Management: CABI Publishing, 105-120.

Sasidharan, V., Sirakaya, E. & Kerstetter, D. 2002. Developing countries and tourism ecolabels. Tourism Management. No. 23, 161-174.

Seif, J. 2004. National Coordinator, Fair Trade in Tourism South Africa. Personal communication. 23 February.

Sharpley, R. 2000. Tourism and sustainable development: exploring the theoretical divide. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. Vol. 8, No. 1, 1-19.

Sharpley, R. 2001. The Consumer Behaviour Context of Ecolabelling. In Font, X. & Buckley, R.C. (Eds). Tourism Ecolabelling: Certification and Promotion of Sustainable Management. London: CABI Publishing, 41-56.

Sirakaya, E. & Sasidharan, V. 1999. Redefining ecotourism: the need for a supply-side view. Journal of Travel Research. Vol. 38, Issue 2, November, 168-172.

Stueve, A.M., Cook S.D. & Drew, D. 2002. The Geotourism Study: Phase 1 Executive Summary. Prepared by the Travel Industry Association of America (TIA) for National Geographic Traveler. Washington, USA: TIA. [Online]. Available: http://www.tia.org/survey.pdf. 2 December.

Synergy. 2000. Tourism Certification: An analysis of Green Globe 21 and other tourism certification programmes. Report prepared for the WWF-UK. August, 68p.

The International Ecotourism Society (TIES). 2003. A simple user’s guide to certification for sustainable tourism and ecotourism. September, 25p.

Weaver, D.B. 2001. Ecotourism as Mass Tourism: Contradiction or Reality? Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Weekly. Cornell University, April.

World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) 1987 Our common future. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

World Ecotourism Summit. 2002. Quèbec Declaration on Ecotourism. Quèbec, Canada. [Online]. Available: http://www.world-tourism.org/sustainable/IYE/quebec/anglais/declaration.html. 2 December 2003.

Worldwide Fund for Nature United Kingdom (WWF-UK). 2000. Tourism certification schemes still leave much to be desired. WWF-UK News. [Online]. Available: http://www.wwf-uk.org/news/n_0000000132.asp. 13 January 2004.

World Tourism Organization (WTO), 2002a. Voluntary Initiatives for Sustainable Tourism. Madrid: WTO, May, 200p.

World Tourism Organization (WTO). 2002b. World Ecotourism Summit Final Report. Quèbec, Canada. 19-22 May.

World Tourism Organization (WTO). 2003. Recommendations to governments for supporting and/or establishing national certification systems for sustainable tourism. Madrid: WTO, March, 11p.


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